It is clear that the Aztec Empire, a later civilization that dominated a much larger area, revered Tollan and connected themselves to the city and its people, the Toltecs, in various ways.
For many decades, Tula was thought to be the city that early colonial documents referred to as Tollan, or place of the reeds. Tula, Hidalgo, was an important early Postclassic city that dominated much of central Mexico as well as adjacent regions to its north and west. The battle is analyzed from the perspective of various research sources, and it incorporates the theory and methodology of the current Military History.
The Totonacos promoted their allies, the Spaniards, who were taken to the Tlaxcalan lordship waiting to be received in peace, since they were enemies of the Mexica however they encountered hostlities in the town of Tecoac. Abstract: The conquest of Mexico has been the subject of countless publications, under many different approaches, however it has rarely been addressed from the perspective of military history in this case what is referred are the events that occurred during the so-called Battle of Tecoac, Tlaxcala. La batalla es analizada desde la óptica de varias fuentes de investigación, incorporando la teoría y metodología de la actual Historia Militar. Promovidos por sus aliados totonacos, los españoles fueron llevados al señorío tlaxcalteca esperando ser recibidos en paz, dado que eran enemigos de los mexicas sin embargo, son recibidos en el poblado de Tecóac con hostilidad. Resumen: La conquista de México ha sido motivo de una infinidad de publicaciones con los más variados enfoques, sin embargo, pocas veces se ha tratado desde la perspectiva de la Historia militar en este caso se referirán los sucesos acontecidos durante la llamada batalla de Tecóac, Tlaxcala. Through this approach, I use community-driven research to reshape bioarchaeology as a tool of contemporary politics, while also centering theory within real-world interactions. Through a decolonial approach, my work brings archaeology into dialogue with contemporary ancestral communities, aligning with and supporting grassroots systems dedicated to food education and food sovereignty. Yet in Tlaxcala, food was and is a space used to resist external threats and develop internal history-making narratives. Elsewhere in Mesoamerica, the traumatic and lasting impacts of Spanish colonialism influence the social dynamics of the present, most notably in the continued exploitation and dispossession of indigenous communities. As enemy of the Aztecs, Tlaxcala allied with the Spanish in AD 1519, leading to a unique colonial history shaped by an indigenous “gobierno de indios”. I approach the bioarchaeology of Tlaxcala as a living history, one that was intentionally removed from modern Aztec-centric Mexican-nationalist narratives of the past. Through a multi-scalar biocultural perspective, I illustrate the ways in which food becomes a site of community resistance and resilience from the ancient past to the present. Melding bioarchaeological dietary isotope analyses, and oral history interviews, I establish the role of foodways as a site of political power, and a central strategy in Tlaxcala’s capacity to remain sovereign.
In a comparative analysis of two Puebla-Tlaxcala Valley sites (Tepeticpac, Tlaxcala and Cholula), my dissertation demonstrates how community foodways and shared food knowledge was central to Tlaxcala’s continued autonomy.
Despite being surrounded by imperial allies and tributaries, Tlaxcala’s capacity to remain independent is poorly understood, and largely unexplored. As the Aztec Empire spread across Late Postclassic Central Mexico (AD 1325-1519), the state of Tlaxcala stood as a blemish of resistance to imperial expansion. My dissertation, “The Diet of Sovereignty: Bioarchaeology in Tlaxcallan”, explores the role of foodways and food sovereignty in contexts of imperial resistance.
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